Glossary

A

Affiliation

A relationship between an independent, separately incorporated church and the Calvary Chapel network, made through regional leaders; it is not a legal merger. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Aldersgate

The London street where John Wesley attended a society meeting on May 24, 1738, and recorded that his heart was "strangely warmed." Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Already and not yet

The phrase for the belief that God's reign has begun in Jesus but will be consummated only at his return; used in Vineyard USA's core values. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

George Eldon Ladd's description of the kingdom of God as present now in Jesus' ministry but not yet complete until his return; the frame of Vineyard teaching. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Altar theology

Palmer's teaching, from Matthew 23:19 and Exodus 29:37, that Christ is the altar and that whatever is wholly laid on it is sanctified. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Annual Church Profile (ACP)

The yearly statistical report of Southern Baptist churches on membership, attendance, baptisms and giving, compiled by Lifeway Research. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Association (of churches)

A network of independent churches that share a name and beliefs; the national body can usually add or drop a church but does not own its property or appoint its pastor the way a denomination may. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Association of Vineyard Churches

The network of Vineyard congregations, informally recognized in 1982 and incorporated in 1985 according to the Regent archive; the U.S. body is now Vineyard USA. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

B

Baptism in the Holy Spirit

In Pentecostal teaching, an experience distinct from and after conversion that gives power for witness and service, based on Acts 1 and 2. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Baptism of (or with) the Holy Ghost

Language from Acts 1:5 used by nineteenth-century holiness writers such as Palmer, Mahan and Torrey for a second experience of purity and power, later tied by Pentecostals to speaking in tongues. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Baptist Faith and Message

The Southern Baptist confession of faith, adopted in 1925 and revised in 1963 and 2000, with an amendment in 2023. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Bebbington quadrilateral

David Bebbington's 1989 definition of evangelicalism by four marks: conversionism, activism, biblicism and crucicentrism. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Bible church

An independent, theologically conservative congregation, many of which joined the Independent Fundamental Churches of America (now IFCA International), organized in 1930. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Bylaws

The church's governing rules, which state who the members are, how the board is chosen and what vote can remove the pastor. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

A church corporation's own rules: who the members are, who sits on the board, how the pastor is chosen and removed, and what records members may see. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

C

Calvary Chapel Association (CCA)

The fellowship of Calvary Chapel pastors led by a council Smith established in 2012; it publishes a detailed statement of faith and a "Philosophy of Ministry." Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The fellowship of Calvary Chapel pastors led by a council of senior pastors, formally established in 2012 according to Christianity Today. Its site says it has over 1,800 fellowships. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa

An independent church begun in 1961 under Floyd Nelson; Chuck Smith became its teaching pastor in 1965 and senior pastor in 1966, and it became the largest church of the Jesus People movement and the mother church of the Calvary Chapel network. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Calvary Chapel Distinctives

Chuck Smith's short book setting out what makes Calvary Chapel different from other evangelical churches; condensed in five parts by Calvary Chapel Magazine. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

Calvary Chapel Outreach Fellowships

A ministry of Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa, described by Christianity Today in 2006 and 2007, through which pastors were affiliated or disaffiliated and senior pastors oversaw regions. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Calvary Global Network (CGN)

A broader network launched by Brian Brodersen after he left the CCA in late 2016; CGN dates its formation to 2017. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The network Brian Brodersen announced on Nov. 6, 2016, first called the Calvary Chapel Global Network, with Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa as its flagship. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Calvary Satellite Network (CSN)

An FM radio network built with Costa Mesa funds; a dispute between Smith's side and Mike Kestler's side ended in a 2007 settlement with no admission of wrongdoing. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Camp meeting

A multi-day outdoor revival meeting where families camped around a preaching ground; used by Methodists from about 1800 and by the Holiness movement after 1867. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Cessationism

The view that miraculous gifts such as prophecy, tongues and healing ended with the apostolic age; held by critics such as John MacArthur. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

The view that the miraculous gifts of the Spirit (tongues, prophecy, healing, miracles) authenticated the apostles and ceased with the apostolic age. B. B. Warfield's Counterfeit Miracles (1918) is the classic statement. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Charismatic

A Christian in a non-Pentecostal church (Catholic, Episcopal, Lutheran and others) who has received the baptism in the Spirit or practices spiritual gifts while staying in that church; the "second wave." Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Children of God

A group led by David Berg that began as Teens for Christ in Huntington Beach in 1968, took the name Children of God in 1969, and was later known as The Family International. It was separate from Calvary Chapel. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Christian perfection (entire sanctification)

Wesley's teaching that a believer can, in this life, be made perfect in love, received by faith, possibly in a moment, without freedom from ignorance, mistake or infirmity. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Christian World Liberation Front (CWLF)

A Berkeley ministry founded in 1969 by former Campus Crusade for Christ staff to reach radical students in the language of the campus protest movement. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Christmas Conference

The meeting of Methodist preachers at Lovely Lane Chapel, Baltimore, beginning Dec. 24, 1784, that organized the Methodist Episcopal Church. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Circuit rider

A Methodist preacher assigned to ride a circuit of preaching places in rotation, forming classes and appointing lay leaders between visits. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Classical Pentecostal

A member of a denomination descended from the Topeka and Azusa Street revivals, such as the Assemblies of God, the Church of God in Christ or the Foursquare Church; Wagner's "first wave." Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Collegia pietatis

"Assemblies of piety": small groups of laypeople meeting for Bible reading and prayer, begun by Spener in Frankfurt in 1670. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Complementarian

The view that men and women are equal in worth but have distinct roles in marriage and the church, usually with the pastoral office reserved for men. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The view that men and women are equal in worth but have distinct roles in marriage and the church, with pastoral authority reserved for men. Calvary Chapel's stated position. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Congregational polity

Church government in which each local congregation governs itself, first fully stated in New England's Cambridge Platform of 1648. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Continuationism

The view that all the gifts of the Spirit continue in the church until Christ returns. Calvary Chapel and the Vineyard both describe themselves this way. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Continuationist

The belief that all the spiritual gifts described in the New Testament, including tongues, prophecy and healing, continue in the church today. Its opposite is cessationist. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

Conversionism

The belief that lives need to be changed by a personal turning to Christ, often called being born again. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Cooperative Baptist Fellowship (CBF)

A Baptist network formed in Atlanta in May 1991 by those who called themselves moderates after the SBC's conservative resurgence. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Crucicentrism

Bebbington's term for the evangelical stress on Christ's sacrifice on the cross. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

D

Doin' the stuff

Wimber's shorthand for doing what Jesus did in the Gospels, including healing and deliverance, rather than only reading about it. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Dove logo

The Calvary Chapel dove, described in 2013 as the trademark-protected property of Calvary Chapel of Costa Mesa. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

E

Egalitarian

The view that gifts, not gender, determine roles in the church, so that women may hold any office. Vineyard USA's stated position since 2006. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Elder-led church

A church in which a plural board of elders holds final spiritual and often corporate authority over the pastor and staff. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Episkopos and presbyteros

Greek New Testament words for overseer (bishop) and elder. Smith said Calvary's bylaws followed "more of an Episkopos form" than a presbyterian (elder-ruled) form. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

Eradication and suppression

Historians' labels for the Wesleyan view that sin's root is cleansed (eradication) and the Keswick view that the sinful nature is held in check (suppression). Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Evangelical

From the Greek euangelion, "good news." Used of Luther's followers in the 1500s, of the 18th-century revival, and since the 1940s of the American movement around the NAE, Fuller and Billy Graham. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Explo '72

Campus Crusade for Christ's June 1972 evangelistic training event and rally in Dallas, which closed with a music festival estimated at 150,000 to 180,000 people. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Expository (verse-by-verse) teaching

Preaching that works through a book of the Bible in order, explaining each passage in turn. Calvary Chapel makes it the backbone of its teaching, with topical sermons as occasional additions. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

F

Finished Work

William Durham's teaching (1910) that sanctification is provided by Christ's finished work at the cross and grows from conversion, not a second crisis experience. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Five-step prayer model

Wimber's method for healing prayer from Power Healing (1987): interview, diagnosis, choice of prayer, prayer and follow-up; renamed Discussion, Discernment, Diagnosis, Do It and Next Steps by Vineyard USA. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Form 990

The annual public information return most tax-exempt charities file with the IRS; churches are not required to file it. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

The annual information return most tax-exempt organizations file with the IRS and make public. Churches are not required to file it. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Foursquare Church

The International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, the Pentecostal denomination in which Chuck Smith was raised, trained at L.I.F.E. Bible College and served as a pastor from about 1947 to 1964. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Fundamentalist

A name proposed by Curtis Lee Laws in 1920 for Protestants ready to fight for the doctrines defended in The Fundamentals (1910 to 1915); after 1957 used mainly by those who practiced strict separation. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

G

Glossolalia

Speaking in tongues: speech in a language unknown to the speaker, understood by Pentecostals and charismatics as a gift of the Spirit. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Gruen report

Ernest Gruen's 1990 Documentation of the Aberrant Practices and Teachings of Kansas City Fellowship, a critic's report of more than 200 pages charging false prophecy and manipulation. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

Guidepost assessment

The June 20, 2023, outside review of Vineyard USA's structure and misconduct processes by Guidepost Solutions, commissioned by Vineyard USA. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

H

Herrnhut

The village founded in 1722 by Moravian refugees on Count Zinzendorf's estate in Saxony, center of the renewed Moravian Church. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

His Place

Arthur Blessitt's storefront mission and coffeehouse on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles, opened in 1968. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Holiness movement

The nineteenth century Methodist-rooted movement teaching entire sanctification as a second work of grace; most early Pentecostals came from it (see lesson 01). Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Holy laughter

Prolonged, often uncontrollable laughter reported in the Toronto meetings and related revivals, interpreted by participants as a work of the Holy Spirit. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

House church

A congregation that meets in a home and considers itself a complete church, as distinct from a small group belonging to a larger church. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

House of Acts

A communal farmhouse in Novato, California, shared from 1967 by the Wises and three other couples, often treated as the first hippie Christian commune. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

House of Miracles

Calvary Chapel's first communal home for new converts, opened in Costa Mesa in May 1968 under Lonnie and Connie Frisbee and John and Jackie Higgins. Its network of houses moved to Oregon in 1970 as Shiloh. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

I

Independent charismatics

Gordon-Conwell's term for Spirit-centered churches and networks outside both the Pentecostal denominations and the older churches, many in the Global South; the largest swing factor in global counts. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Inerrancy

The doctrine that the Bible in its original manuscripts is without error; the center of the Fuller dispute of 1962 and the Southern Baptist resurgence. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Initial evidence

The doctrine, first taught by Parham in 1901, that speaking in tongues is the first outward sign of the baptism in the Holy Spirit. The Assemblies of God calls it the "initial physical sign." Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

J

Jesus People

Young converts of the late 1960s and 1970s, often from the counterculture, who held evangelical beliefs while keeping the dress, slang and music of their generation. Also called Jesus freaks or the Jesus movement. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Jesus Revolution

The title of Time magazine's June 21, 1971 cover story on the movement, of Greg Laurie's co-written book, and of the 2023 film based on that book. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

K

Kansas City Prophets

A label applied by others to Mike Bickle's Kansas City Fellowship and associated figures such as Bob Jones and Paul Cain, who claimed prophetic revelation in the 1980s and early 1990s. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

Keswick (higher life)

The teaching of the Keswick Convention (from 1875) that by full surrender and faith a believer can live in steady victory over known sin, the sinful nature being counteracted, not removed. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Kingdom theology

The Vineyard's framework treating the kingdom of God, already present in Jesus' ministry and not yet complete, as the central theme of Scripture and the basis for healing, justice and deliverance. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

L

Lausanne Covenant

The 1974 statement of the International Congress on World Evangelization, drafted with John Stott as chief architect, which joined evangelism to social responsibility while calling evangelism primary. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Leadership council

The group of senior pastors leading the CCA: 21 in 2012, 13 by Christianity Today's 2017 count, 15 listed in October 2026. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Local option (women's ordination)

The 2006 Vineyard USA position leaving the ordination of women and appointment of women senior pastors to each local church. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

M

Maranatha! Music

The record label and music ministry Calvary Chapel started in 1971 to record Jesus People musicians; its first album was The Everlastin' Living Jesus Music Concert. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

The record label founded in 1971 by Chuck Smith of Calvary Chapel to record the church's "Jesus music"; later a leading praise and worship label, now privately owned. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

MC510

"Signs, Wonders and Church Growth," a Fuller School of World Mission course led by John Wimber and C. Peter Wagner from 1982 to 1985, dropped in January 1986. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Megachurch

In the Hartford Institute's definition, a Protestant congregation with 2,000 or more people in weekly worship, counting adults and children at all locations. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Memphis Miracle

The October 18 to 19, 1994, meeting in Memphis at which the predominantly white Pentecostal Fellowship of North America (which had no Black member denominations) dissolved and the interracial Pentecostal and Charismatic Churches of North America formed. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Messenger

A voting representative sent by a Southern Baptist church to the annual convention, where messengers elect officers and adopt confessions and resolutions. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Metro Vineyard Fellowship

The name of Bickle's Kansas City church while it belonged to the Vineyard (about 1990 to 1996); it became Metro Christian Fellowship when it left in August 1996. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

Microchurch

A small group that understands itself as a full church, often linked to a network; Brian Sanders defines it by worship, community and mission. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Ministry and the Miraculous

Fuller Seminary's 1987 faculty study, edited by Lewis Smedes, that affirmed present-day miracles while criticizing parts of MC510's approach. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Modernism

The early 20th-century movement to reinterpret Christian doctrine in light of modern science and biblical criticism, opposed by the fundamentalists. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Moses model

Calvary Chapel's name for pastor-led church government, in which the senior pastor leads under God with an advisory board. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

The common name for Smith's teaching that a senior pastor leads the church under Christ as Moses led Israel under God, supported by a board of elders and assisted by associate pastors. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The name given to Calvary Chapel's pastor-led government, which Chuck Smith explained by Moses and the seventy elders who assisted him (Numbers 11). Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

The name given to Calvary Chapel's pastor-led government, in which the senior pastor leads under God and a board of elders supports him. Smith taught that "Pastors need to be like Moses." Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

N

National director

The chief leader of Vineyard USA, a member of its board of trustees; since Jan. 1, 2022, Jay Pathak. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

National Leadership Handbook

Vineyard USA's written framework for the relationship between Vineyard USA, local churches and pastors; Version 3.0 took effect Aug. 29, 2026. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Neutral principles of law

The approach approved in Jones v. Wolf (1979) for church property disputes, in which courts read deeds, statutes, charters and constitutions instead of deciding doctrine. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

New evangelicalism

The movement of former fundamentalists in the 1940s and 1950s (Ockenga, Henry, Graham, Fuller Seminary) that kept the doctrines while seeking cooperation, scholarship and social engagement. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

New paradigm church

Donald E. Miller's 1997 term for movements such as Calvary Chapel, the Vineyard and Hope Chapel that grew outside denominational structures with informal, lay-involved worship. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

New paradigm churches

Donald E. Miller's 1997 term for Calvary Chapel, the Vineyard and Hope Chapel: post-denominational churches with contemporary worship and lay-centered ministry. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

Donald E. Miller's term for Calvary Chapel, the Vineyard and Hope Chapel in his 1997 book. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Donald E. Miller's 1997 term for Calvary Chapel, Vineyard and Hope Chapel congregations: informal, contemporary in worship and traditional in faith. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Non-denominational church

A congregation with no denomination above it: it owns its property, writes its own doctrine and chooses and removes its own pastor. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Now and not yet

The view, taken from George Eldon Ladd, that God's kingdom has begun in Jesus but will be completed only at his return; also called inaugurated eschatology. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

O

Oneness Pentecostalism

The branch, begun in 1913 to 1916, that teaches one God revealed as Father, Son and Spirit without three persons, and baptism in the name of Jesus only. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Ordinances

The free-church term for baptism and the Lord's Supper as acts commanded by Christ. The CCA names "full-immersion water baptism of believers and the Lord's Supper." Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

P

Pastor emeritus

An honorary title for a retired senior pastor; Brian Brodersen's title at Costa Mesa since 2025. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Pietism

A renewal movement in German Lutheranism that began in the late 1600s with Spener, stressing Bible study in small groups, lay participation and a lived, felt faith. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Pirate's Cove

A small beach below the cliffs of Corona del Mar in Newport Beach, California, where Calvary Chapel held mass ocean baptisms in the Jesus People years. Calvary's history spells it Pirates Cove. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Power evangelism

Wimber's term (book, 1986) for presenting the gospel with a demonstration of God's power through signs and wonders such as healing and words of knowledge. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Pretribulational premillennialism

The belief that Christ will remove the church in the rapture before a coming tribulation and will afterward return to reign on earth for a thousand years. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The teaching that the church will be taken up (the rapture) before a period of tribulation, after which Christ returns visibly and reigns for a thousand years. The Calvary Chapel Association holds this view. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

R

Radical middle

The Vineyard's self-description as holding evangelical biblical foundations together with Pentecostal openness to the Spirit; the title of Bill Jackson's 1999 history. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Rapture

From the Latin rapiemur in 1 Thessalonians 4:17, "caught up"; in Calvary teaching, Christ's taking of the church from the earth before the tribulation. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

The catching up of believers to meet the Lord in the air (1 Thessalonians 4:16 and 17). Pretribulationists place it before the tribulation. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Renewalist

An umbrella term used by the Pew Forum in 2006 for Pentecostals and charismatics counted together. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

Restoration

Smith's practice, defended in 2007, of returning a repentant pastor to ministry after misconduct; critics such as Dave Edling favored public rebuke and a period away. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Restoration Movement

The Stone-Campbell movement that began around 1800 to unite Christians on the New Testament alone, using slogans such as "Not the only Christians, but Christians only." Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Routinization of charisma

Max Weber's term, used by Margaret Poloma, for the process by which spontaneous religious movements develop rules and institutions that restrain the spontaneity that started them. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

S

Second blessing

A definite work of grace after conversion; in Wesleyan holiness, entire sanctification. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Secondary separation

The fundamentalist position that believers should separate from other believers who cooperate with those who deny the faith, sharpened by the 1957 break with Graham. Evangelicalism Defined: Bebbington's Four Marks, Billy Graham, Fuller, Wheaton, the NAE and the Southern Baptist Resurgence

Seeker service

A worship service designed for people who do not attend church, made famous by Willow Creek Community Church after 1975. Non-Denominational Churches: Independence, House Churches, Megachurches and Who Holds the Pastor to Account

Shiloh Youth Revival Centers

The Oregon-based network of Christian communes that grew out of the House of Miracles from 1970, sent teams across North America until 1978, and was legally dissolved in 1989. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

Shorter way

Phoebe Palmer's method for receiving entire sanctification at once: full consecration, faith in God's promise and public testimony. Holiness and Pietism: Spener, Wesley, the Methodists, the Holiness Movement and Keswick

Slain in the Spirit

A charismatic term for falling to the floor under prayer, understood by participants as being overwhelmed by the Holy Spirit. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

Standing

The legal right to bring a case. In the Vineyard Anaheim case, the church's bylaws decided that associate members had no standing to sue. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

T

The Living Room

A Christian coffeehouse opened in 1967 a block from the corner of Haight and Ashbury streets in San Francisco by Ted Wise and his friends, with support from Bay Area pastors. It closed in early 1969. The Jesus People and Costa Mesa: Chuck Smith, Lonnie Frisbee and the Youth Revival

The Word for Today

The radio program and publishing ministry that distributes Chuck Smith's Bible teaching; CT dated the publishing program to 1978. Calvary Chapel Doctrine and Practice: Verse by Verse, the Pastor-Led Model, the Statement of Faith, Radio and Maranatha! Music

Chuck Smith's teaching and publishing ministry, the subject of a 2014 lawsuit filed by his daughter on behalf of his widow. Calvary Chapel Growth and Fault Lines: The Network, the Succession After 2013, Controversies and Reforms

Third wave

C. Peter Wagner's early 1980s term for evangelicals who practice healing, prophecy and other gifts without the Pentecostal or charismatic label or a tongues requirement; the Vineyard is the best-known example. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave

C. Peter Wagner's term for evangelicals open to the gifts of the Spirit outside Pentecostal denominations and the Charismatic Renewal; often applied to the Vineyard. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

A label for evangelicals, the Vineyard foremost among them, who expect healing and prophecy in ordinary church life without adopting classical Pentecostal teaching on tongues. Calvary Chapel and Vineyard Side by Side, with a Reader's Checklist for Any Non-Denominational Church

Toronto Airport Christian Fellowship (TACF)

The name the Toronto church took after its separation from the Vineyard in December 1995; it later became Catch the Fire. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

Toronto Blessing

The name given to the revival that began at the Toronto Airport Vineyard on Jan. 20, 1994, marked by laughter, falling, shaking and other physical phenomena. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

V

Vineyard

The name Kenn Gulliksen gave his churches in 1975, drawn from Isaiah 27:2 to 3; later the Association of Vineyard Churches, led by John Wimber from 1982. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

Vineyard Global

The network of national Vineyard directors that coordinates self-governing Vineyard movements in different countries. The Vineyard from 1990 to Today: Kansas City, the Toronto Blessing, the Break with Toronto and Vineyard USA

W

Word of knowledge

In Vineyard practice, a specific insight believed to come from God about a person, often used in healing prayer. The Vineyard: Ken Gulliksen, John Wimber, Signs and Wonders and MC510

X

Xenolalia

Speaking a real human language the speaker never learned. Parham and the early Azusa paper expected it to equip missionaries; Pentecostals later dropped the expectation. Pentecostal and Charismatic: Topeka, Azusa Street, the Assemblies of God, the Charismatic Renewal and the Third Wave